Question 1
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Neurotransmitters are found in the
Select one:
a. cell nucleus.
b. dendritic spines.
c. cell body.
d. synaptic vesicles.
e. mitochondria.
Question 2
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
What purpose or purposes are fulfilled by debriefing research subjects immediately after a psychological experiment?
Select one:
a. It helps the participants understand the reason(s) for the study, and the importance of the study.
b. It allows the researcher to understand how the participants were affected by the study, if at all.
c. It allows the researcher to share the completed study or experiment results with the participants.
d. It helps the researcher compare the participant responses from a different research study method than the one used in the actual study.
e. It helps the researcher determine how the participants should be compensated for their involvement in the study.
f. A and B
Question 3
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
If you close your eyes and touch a sharp object, your initial contact with the object involves which process(es)?
Select one:
a. Transduction
b. Parallel processing
c. Sensation
d. Both sensation and perception
e. Perception
Question 4
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
A mental shortcut that helps us to streamline our thinking and make sense of our world is called a
Select one:
a. theory.
b. confirmation bias.
c. schema.
d. mental reference.
e. heuristic.
Question 5
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
The key to understanding human behavior, according to Sigmund Freud, was to focus on _____ and the _____ level of the human mind.
Select one:
a. external factors; conscious
b. external psychologcial process, uncosncious
c. external factors; unconscious
d. internal psychological processes; unconscious
e. internal psychological processes; conscious
Question 6
Not yet answered
Marked out of 6.00
Flag question
Question text
Match each example to the correct principle of scientific thinking.
| A study finds that graduate students prefer online courses to traditional courses, and three other studies by other researchers produces similar findings with a sample of graduate students from another school. | Answer 1 |
| It is assumed that identical twins will tend to develop very similar personalities because they have the same DNA, suggesting that personality traits are inherited. At the same time, identical twins are usually raised in the same household, which could suggest that the development of personality is also due to environmental factors. | Answer 2 |
| Supporters of psychics claim that because a person can make an accurate prediction, this individual is able to predict any future event and there is no other way to explain the accurate prediction. However, it would best to first consider the possibility that the “psychic” just had a lucky guess, or had prior knowledge of the given situation that allowed an accurate prediction to be made. | Answer 3 |
| A theory asserts that depression and stress, when both are present at the same time, have a reciprocal relationship in which both amplify each other. Assume this is considered a “good theory” because it can be disproven through testing of hypotheses. | Answer 4 |
| A friend witnesses a performer who claims to be a psychic and who can make predictions. During the performance, your friend insists that the ‘psychic’s’ ability to identify specific information about her could only be explained by telepathy or some form of ESP. You insist there are more logical and obvious explanations. | Answer 5 |
| Individuals who experience excessive stress as children tend to develop depression during adolescence, however this does not mean that depression is a direct result of stress. | Answer 6 |
Question 7
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Clay has played professional soccer for seven years and is easily able to tune out the sound of the crowd and all other irrelevant sensory information during the game. Bruce however is a rookie and is often distracted by what his opponents are saying and the mood of the crowd. Clay and Bruce are showing differing levels of
Select one:
a. top-down processing.
b. parallel processing.
c. selective attention.
d. inattentional blindness.
e. absolute thresholds.
Question 8
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Which of the following is an example of how focused visual attention on a given task can lead people to miss other information?
Select one:
a. Change blindness
b. The cocktail party effect
c. Parallel processing
d. Color blindness
e. Synesthesia
Question 9
Not yet answered
Marked out of 5.00
Flag question
Question text
Place the following stimuli in increasing order (from least 1 to greatest 5) in terms of the “just noticeable difference” concept.
| a wind chime | Answer 1 |
| a cat purring | Answer 2 |
| a person speaking in normal tone | Answer 3 |
| an explosion from a bomb | Answer 4 |
| an orchestra’s music | Answer 5 |
Question 10
Not yet answered
Marked out of 9.00
Flag question
Question text
Match the behavior with the major region of the brain that is most likely involved
| an individual remembers how to solve a math problem | Answer 1 |
| an individual reviews all information and decides which colleges to apply at | Answer 2 |
| an individual pretends that she is elsewhere during a boring class | Answer 3 |
| an individual watches a sad movie, and in response feels sad | Answer 4 |
| an individual bites his nails, even though his mom keeps telling him not to | Answer 5 |
| an individual is confronted by a burglar with a knife, and must prepare to either stay and fight, or run away | Answer 6 |
| a child imagines that she is a physician or a lawyer | Answer 7 |
| an individual has trouble with motor coordination and balance due to injury to this area | Answer 8 |
| an individual is so accustomed to her morning routine, that she does many actions automatically without thinking about it | Answer 9 |
Question 11
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
_____ refers to a claim or statement that superficially appears to be scientific but is not.
Select one:
a. Pseudoscience
b. Misinformation
c. Falsifiability
d. Anecdotal evidence
e. Common sense
Question 12
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Which of the following statements regarding heritability is accurate?
Select one:
a. Heritability is estimated by family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies.
b. Heritability tells us whether a trait can be changed.
c. Heritability applies to a single individual rather than differences among individuals.
d. Heritability is a fixed number.
Question 13
Not yet answered
Marked out of 4.00
Flag question
Question text
Label the following statements as either (a) placebo effect, (b) nocebo effect, or (c) positive response to experiment method
| An individual is taking part in a new sleep medication study. During the study, she is not given the actual drug being tested, and reports having increased difficulty with sleeping as compared to before starting the study. | Answer 1 |
| An individual participates in a study of a new migraine medication. She is unknowingly assigned to the control group that does not receive the actual drug, and the person experiences fewer migraines. | Answer 2 |
| An individual who participates in a study regarding the effectiveness of a new memory recall method. During the study, she is assigned to the group that is instructed to use a method that is not the one being tested, and reports improved memory. | Answer 3 |
| An individual participates in a study regarding effectiveness of a specific individual psychotherapy approach and receives weekly sessions for 12 weeks. She is assigned to the group that receives the therapy method being studied and reports improvement during 12 weeks of treatment and continued improvement in a 9 month follow-up. | Answer 4 |
Question 14
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
The two main divisions of the nervous system are the _____ and _____.
Select one:
a. glands; muscles
b. fight, flight
c. autonomic; somatic nervous systems
d. peripheral nervous system; central nervous system
e. brain; spinal cord
Question 15
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Zach and David decide to go exploring the forest behind their farm on a cold December day. The fact that they felt much colder when they initially got outdoors than they do five minutes later, despite having done nothing to warm themselves, is known as
Select one:
a. sensory adaptation.
b. transferable adaptation.
c. sensory interaction.
d. sensory illusion.
e. transduction.
Question 16
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Dr. Sparks is concerned because he gave Julie a new intelligence test that he personally designed and her scores do not seem very consistent. With which aspect of psychological testing is Dr. Sparks concerned?
Select one:
a. Self-report measures
b. Administrator error
c. Falsibility
d. Validity
e. Reliability
Question 17
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Hormones are chemicals that are secreted and go directly into _____.
Select one:
a. the brain
b. the bloodstream
c. muscles
d. nerve endings
e. specific organs
Question 18
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Roger feels something land on his hand but has yet to interpret that feeling or identify it. At this point in time, Roger has experienced which process(es)?
Select one:
a. Parallel processing
b. Sensation
c. Perception
d. Synesthesia
e. Both sensation and perception
Question 19
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Which of the following best describes how psychoactive drugs affect the brain?
Select one:
a. They cause new neural connections to be formed that produce new neurotransmitters
b. They change the types of neurotransmitters that are released
c. They alter the amount and/or action of the various neurotransmitters
d. They create new neurotransmitters
e. C and D
Question 20
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
What part of the brain acts as a relay station for incoming sensory information?
Select one:
a. Hypothalamus
b. Amygdala
c. Pituitary gland
d. Thalamus
e. Endocrine system
Question 21
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
What is the main reason that causes the placebo and nocebo effects to occur?
Select one:
a. The expectations of the participants
b. The expected outcomes for the study
c. The way in which the data is analyzed
d. The type of study being conducted
e. The effectiveness of the treatment
Question 22
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Which psychological school of thought was more focused on how mental processes influenced one’s interpretation of events?
Select one:
a. Cognitive PsychologyCognitivism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
e. Functionalism
Question 23
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
In science a theory is best defined as a(n)
Select one:
a. speculation and opinion of facts.
b. educated opinion about the natural world.
c. personal understanding of natural laws.
d. explanation for a large number of findings in the natural world.
e. testable prediction about the natural world.
Question 24
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
After suffering a brain injury by falling from a ladder, Zack’s wife continues to tell the doctor that his personality has changed. He used to be fun loving and carefree, but he is now more critical and yells at his children for seemingly little reason. Zack is likely to have suffered damage to the _____ lobe of his cortex.
Select one:
a. frontal
b. occipital
c. temporal
d. cerebral
e. parietal
Question 25
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
A psychologist is often skeptical of claims suggesting that
Select one:
a. a person’s culture is an influence on his or her everyday thoughts and behaviors.
b. a particular behavior is the result of a single cause or variable.
c. behavior is too complex to make any predictions.
d. people are influenced by others’ thoughts and behaviors.
e. a person’s future behavior is often easy to predict accurately.
Question 26
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
After a head injury, a person reports that she is unable to see, although her eyes are uninjured. A doctor would suspect an injury in this lobe.
Select one:
a. parietal
b. occipital
c. backal
d. temporal
e. frontal
Question 27
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Professor Clark gives her students an assignment to develop hypotheses on global warming. To be consistent with a scientific method, students should develop their hypotheses based on
Select one:
a. reports discussed on television.
b. a well-supported scientific theory.
c. their own existing beliefs about the issue.
d. untestable predictions.
Question 28
Not yet answered
Marked out of 4.00
Flag question
Question text
Match the type of processing with the correct example.
| an individual experiences stimuli confusion, in which she claims she can hear the color green | Answer 1 |
| an individual has developed a belief that depression causes stress, and uses that belief to interpret his behavior in specific situations | Answer 2 |
| an individual talks on the phone while cooking dinner and listening to the news channel | Answer 3 |
| an individual learns about each step of classical conditioning in order to understand how it occurs | Answer 4 |
Question 29
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Our subjective (internal) experience and awareness of the world and ourselves is what psychologists refer to as
Select one:
a. consciousness.
b. sensation.
c. unconscious.
d. motivation.
e. perception.
Question 30
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
The _____ nervous system is composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
Select one:
a. central
b. proprioceptive
c. autonomic
d. somatic
e. peripheral
Question 31
Not yet answered
Marked out of 5.00
Flag question
Question text
Assign the correct research method to the example:
| A questionnaire is given to a sample of high school students from across the county and the responses are tallied and compared. | Answer 1 |
| A researcher watches and records the social behavior of individuals during a major holiday sale at the mall | Answer 2 |
| Three individuals who have been diagnosed with a rare disorder are studied in detail, and the researcher makes comparisons between them to better understand the disorder | Answer 3 |
| A researcher records the number of students who receive a passing grade in a new course, and compares it to the number of students who receive a passing grade in the previous version of the course | Answer 4 |
| A sample of individuals is divided into two groups, one of which receives an antidepressant that is being studied, and the other that receives a sugar pill | Answer 5 |
Question 32
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
A science is defined by
Select one:
a. its depth of knowledge.
b. its concern with solving real-life practical problems.
c. its popularity among the general public.
d. its approach to dealing with evidence.
e. A and B
Question 33
Not yet answered
Marked out of 4.00
Flag question
Question text
Match each example with the corresponding stage of sleep
| an individual is experiencing vivid imagery, along with an elevated heart rate and blood pressure | Answer 1 |
| an individual is asleep and is very difficult to wake up, even when shook or loudly spoken to | Answer 2 |
| an individual is watching TV and gradually begins to doze off, but can be easily awakened | Answer 3 |
| an individual’s is asleep and his body temperature decreases, along with brain activity, and his muscles relax | Answer 4 |
Question 34
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
25 year old Stan has been extremely afraid of cats since he was scratched as a 5-year-old. Whenever he sees a cat, he remembers the time he was scratched across his face and starts to feel afraid. If a cat comes towards him, he often runs away immediately, as he is afraid of being scratched again. Stan’s behaviors and recollection of this trauma are a result of the _____ in the limbic system.
Select one:
a. thalamus
b. hypothalamus
c. medulla
d. amygdala
e. hippocampus
Question 35
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Michelle constantly tells her boyfriend Niccolai that he doesn’t pay attention to her, and that this is why she tends to nag him to pay attention. Her repeated criticisms cause Niccolai to tune her out, which causes her to nag him even more. This bidirectional pattern of influence is what Albert Bandura would have called
Select one:
a. cyclical impingement.
b. unconscious motivation.
c. reciprocal determinism.
d. the premise of Occam’s razor.
e. scientific skepticism.
Question 36
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Juanita is holding her pet cat, Belle. Juanita is gathering information about Belle’s weight as she sits on Juanita’s lap, and at the same time Juanita is hearing Belle’s purrs, and noticing Belle’s eye movements and tail twitching. This is an example of
Select one:
a. bottom-up processing.
b. top-down processing.
c. subliminal processing.
d. complementary processing.
e. parallel processing.
Question 37
Not yet answered
Marked out of 4.00
Flag question
Question text
Match the sleep disorder with the correct example
| an individual falls asleep, but wakes up three hours later and is unable to fall back to sleep | Answer 1 |
| an individual experiences irregular or interrupted breathing periodically while sleeping | Answer 2 |
| an individual is in the third stage of sleep, gets up and goes downstairs, but has not recall the next day | Answer 3 |
| an individual has just awoke, but is unable to physically move right away | Answer 4 |
Question 38
Not yet answered
Marked out of 7.00
Flag question
Question text
Match the neurotransmitter to the correct effect is helps produce.
| helps to mitigate pain sensations and sometimes euphoria after intense exercise | Answer 1 |
| increases motivation, interests, and drive, produces feelings of euphoria | Answer 2 |
| slows the central nervous system and helps reduce anxiety and stress | Answer 3 |
| helps control sleep patterns, mood,and aggression | Answer 4 |
| necessary for learning and memory, serves to activates the brain | Answer 5 |
| activates muscle contraction and movement | Answer 6 |
| supports concentration and the fight/flight response | Answer 7 |
Question 39
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
The tendency to look for supportive evidence, rather than actively seeking out contradictory evidence, is known as
Select one:
a. the confirmation bias.
b. the hindsight bias.
c. belief perseverance.
d. the availability heuristic.
e. the representative heuristic.
Question 40
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
lag question
Question text
The discipline of psychology is best thought of as
Select one:
a. the scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior.
b. a mixture of anecdotes and personal intuition about human behavior and mental processes.
c. a process for encouraging people to reach their ultimate potential.
d. a field of self-help principles to eliminate mental problems.
e. a study of conscious and unconscious processes.
Question 41
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Left-brained people are
Select one:
a. logical.
b. scholarly.
c. analytical.
d. There is no scientific evidence for left-brained and right-brained individuals.
e. musically inclined.
Question 42
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
The knoblike structures at the far end of the axon are called _____.
Select one:
a. neurons
b. synaptic vesicles
c. axon terminals
d. receptor sites
e. synapses
Question 43
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
What psychological school of thought was most concerned with the influence of the general principles of learning on an organism’s or a person’s actions?
Select one:
a. Cognitivism
b. Functionalism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
e. Structuralism
Question 44
Not yet answered
Marked out of 4.00
Flag question
Question text
Match the type of drug with the correct example
| an individual falls and badly injures a leg and does not seem to be aware of the pain from the injury | Answer 1 |
| an individual’s perception of others and the environment is distorted, as if everything becomes wavy | Answer 2 |
| an individual shows decreased reaction time and is less responsive to stimuli | Answer 3 |
| an individual becomes hyper-excited, but then when the drug wears off becomes exhausted and even becoming depressed | Answer 4 |
Question 45
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Because people often want to believe they are correct, they are usually reluctant to give up cherished notions. This phenomenon is known as
Select one:
a. the confirmation bias.
b. belief perseverance.
c. the ultiamte attribution error.
d. the fundamental attribution.
e. the availability heuristic.
Question 46
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Darla was in an automobile accident that resulted in an injury to her brain. Her sense of touch has been affected. Which part of the brain is the most likely site of the damage?
Select one:
a. Parietal lobes
b. Temporal lobe
c. Occipital lobe
d. Frontal lobe
e. Cerebellum
Question 47
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Malcolm is studying alone in his room late at night when he hears a loud noise downstairs. His heartbeat increases significantly and his breathing becomes shallow. He wonders if a burglar has entered the house and decides to investigate. When he gets downstairs, he discovers his cat has knocked over a plant stand. His body begins to relax and return to normal. Which part of his nervous system is responsible for returning Malcolm to a normal state?
Select one:
a. Spinal cord
b. Sympathetic nervous system
c. Somatic nervous system
d. Parasympathetic nervous system
Question 48
Not yet answered
Marked out of 6.00
Flag question
Question text
Match each step in the scientific method with the correct example.
| Sam predicts that studying with a group of fellow students will lead to higher test scores than his studying alone. | Answer 1 |
| Sam places his test scores into two categories – one for group studying, and one for independent studying – and finds the mean (average) score for both groups. He then reviews these mean scores to see which is higher, and by how much. | Answer 2 |
| Sam reviews the current literature and takes notes regarding the differences between group and individual study methods in terms of effectiveness on grades. | Answer 3 |
| Sam notices that when he studies in a group, he remembers the material better than when he studies alone. | Answer 4 |
| Sam develops a plan to prepare for taking three different exams by working with a group of fellow students, and then he prepares for three other exams by himself. For each test, he then records his test scores. | Answer 5 |
| Sam compares the differences in his test scores for the two study methods ( studying alone vs studying in a group) by using his original prediction that group study practice would be more effective than independent study. | Answer 6 |
Question 49
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Which part of a neuron is a long, tail-like extension that carries messages out to other cells?
Select one:
a. Dendrite
b. Soma
c. Axon
d. Synapse
e. Cell membrane
Question 50
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
A _____ is a fluid-filled space between neurons through which neurotransmitters travel. It is in this area where messages are transmitted chemically.
Select one:
a. terminal button
b. neuronal membrane
c. synapse
d. synaptic vesicle
Question 51
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
Sheila experiences cross-modal sensations, such as seeing sounds and hearing colors. This is called:
Select one:
a. The cocktail party effect
b. Color blindness
c. Change blindness
d. Synesthesia
Question 52
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
The minimum sensitivity of our sensory abilities and systems is demonstrated in our _____ thresholds.
Select one:
a. pain
b. psychophysical
c. difference
d. transduction
e. absolute
Question 53
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
Flag question
Question text
The flight-or-fight response is mobilized by the
Select one:
a. central nervous system.
b. automatic nervous system.
c. sympathetic nervous system.
d. somatic nervous system.
e. parasympathetic nervous system.
The post Pschology Exam appeared first on Smart Essays.
